Which of the following best describes predictive analytics?

Predictive analytics is primarily focused on analyzing historical data in order to forecast future outcomes. This involves employing statistical algorithms and machine learning techniques to identify patterns within existing data sets, which can then be used to make informed predictions about future events or trends. By leveraging past information, businesses can anticipate customer behavior, market conditions, and other significant variables that may impact their operations and strategy.

The other choices do not encapsulate the essence of predictive analytics. Gathering real-time data pertains more to operational analytics and real-time decision-making, while methods of data storage are not specific to predictive analytics at all. Likewise, while predictive analytics can certainly inform marketing strategies, it is not limited to that area and serves a much broader purpose across various business functions.