What sampling method employs simple random selection to ensure every individual has an equal chance of being chosen?

Simple random sampling is a method that ensures that every individual in a population has an equal opportunity to be selected for the sample. This technique is fundamental in statistics as it minimizes selection bias and allows for the generalization of results to the larger population.

In simple random sampling, each member of the population is assigned a unique identifier, often a number, and selections are made purely by chance, typically using random number generators or drawing lots. This randomness safeguards against systematic errors that might arise from non-random selection methods.

By ensuring that every member of the population is equally likely to be included, simple random sampling facilitates valid inferences about the population as a whole, enhancing both the reliability and validity of survey results. This type of sampling is foundational in many research designs and is widely used because of its straightforward application and robust statistical properties.